宜宾上海“无哭声”主题手术室：将艺术融入医学，
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2020-04-30 14:16:28
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上?！拔蘅奚敝魈馐质跏遥航帐跞谌胍窖В档投志甯?/title></head><body>上?！拔蘅奚敝魈馐质跏遥航帐跞谌胍窖?，降低儿童恐惧感</br>
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<figure style="width: 600px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><noscript></noscript><figcaption class="wp-caption-text">入室接待处从传统的操作台变成了一艘海盗船。图片均由院方提供</figcaption></figure>
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<p>上海有了全市首家主题<span id="s0s2eoue" class="wpcom_tag_link">手术室</span>——“无哭声”海洋主题手术室。</p>
<p>该手术室由上海儿童医学中心与设计团队共同打造，旨在缓解儿童的术前焦虑。除了耳目一新的环境，该手术室还改变了传统的医疗流程，由母亲抱着孩子一路护送到手术室。</p>
<p>上海儿童医学中心党委副书记季庆英透露，手术室启用5个月来，患儿术前准备期间舒适配合度及哭吵率明显改善。术前舒适配合度从63.2%提高至89.5%，哭吵发生率从36.8%降至10.2%，患者满意度从68.8%上升到96.7%。</p>
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<figure style="width: 600px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><noscript></noscript><figcaption class="wp-caption-text">“无哭声”手术室就设置在门诊大楼2楼，这也是目前全市首个主题手术室。</figcaption></figure>
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<p><strong>筹备设计“海洋”主题手术室</strong></p>
<p>“术前焦虑不仅对患儿造成内分泌紊乱、血压升高、心率增快等不利于手术的生理变化，同时，幼儿期所受的医疗心理创伤对今后的心理发育将造成不可忽视的影响?！?上海儿童医学中心工作人员表示。</p>
<p>上海儿童医学中心每年开展手术达到2.26万例，平均每天要进行大大小小手术60多台。在如此繁重的负荷下，病患和医生都倍感压力。研究显示，儿童术前焦虑的发生率远高于成人，约为60%，1-3岁儿童的分离焦虑几乎为百分之分。</p>
<p>为缓解儿童的术前焦虑，院方首先聚焦医院中哭声最集中的手术室，联手上海视觉艺术学院对手术室功能区进行了重新规划设计。医学杂志曾经刊登过专业评估，优美的环境设计对睡眠与病情的改善都有相当程度的影响。</p>
<p>经过两年多的筹备论证，以“温暖的海洋”为主题的手术室亮相。入室接待处从传统的操作台变成了一艘海盗船，手术室的正门变成了“灯塔之门”，手术室大门打开后则是一派阳光灿烂海边度假的景象，触控的彩虹灯是消灭患儿哭声的一大利器，“隐藏”的术前准备室仿佛就是一个儿童乐园，可以满足各个年龄层儿童的需求。</p>
<p>一位手术患儿家长感慨道，我看到的不仅是漂亮的手术室，更看到了上海儿童医学中心“走心”的医疗服务。</p>
<p>手术室医护人员表示，之所以以“海洋”为主题，是因为海洋代表着宽广、平静，犹如母亲的怀抱给人以安全感。</p>
<p>上海儿童医学中心党委副书记季庆英透露，“无哭声”手术室将艺术融入医学，用叙事性的主题空间设计，一来可以降低小朋友的恐惧感和家长的焦虑感，同时也为医护人员营造了更轻松的工作环境。</p>
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<figure style="width: 600px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><noscript></noscript><figcaption class="wp-caption-text">在进入手术室之前医院设置了“术前准备舱”，家长可以在此陪孩子阅读绘本、游戏。</figcaption></figure>
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<p><strong>引入“术前准备室”缓解患儿焦虑</strong></p>
<p>全新的环境让人耳目一新，然而，真正实现“无哭声”还要改变传统的医疗流程。</p>
<p>院方透露，首先，改变患儿从病房直接进入手术室的传统模式，孩子从“绑”在床上变为由母亲怀抱着一路护送到手术室。其次，在进入手术室之前设置了“术前准备室”，家长可以在室内陪伴孩子阅读绘本、游戏。</p>
<p>与此同时，麻醉专职护士根据医嘱给予患儿口味适宜的镇静糖浆，并对患儿用药后进行监测，待患儿入睡或充分镇静后，由手术人员将患儿从“术前准备室”中接进手术室，实现患儿与家长的无痛苦分离，消除分离时的哭声。这一路走来，“无哭声手术室”打破了许多传统医疗专业上的制约。</p>
<p>手术室负责人表示，引起儿童哭闹的主要原因为，与父母分离时的恐惧以及对陌生环境的抗拒、医护人员与患儿接触时动作不够轻柔、难以接受的药物或有创治疗等。</p>
<p>另一方面，稳定家长的情绪对“无哭声手术室”来说也很重要。改造后的“家属等候区”变身为暖色调的“海底世界”，通过术前准备舱的窗口，等候在外的家属可以看到服用镇静药的患儿情况。</p>
<p>除此以外，等候区内还配有患儿手术状态更新的大屏幕，家属可以时刻掌握手术进程，一旁的大屏幕则循环播放着麻醉手术宣教录像，减轻等待时的紧张焦虑。</p>
<p>无哭声主题手术室启用5个月以来，患儿术前准备期间舒适配合度及哭吵率明显改善。术前舒适配合度从63.2%提高至89.5%，哭吵发生率从36.8%降至10.2%，患者满意度从68.8%上升到96.7%。院方希望这一模式可以在更多儿童专科医院推广。</p>
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